Development of an integrated smart water grid model as a portfolio of climate smart cities

Abstract

Currently, there is no overarching model to integrating city planning, smart techniques and climate change. After reviewing the existing literature on the theoretical framework of smart water grid, this paper describes three case studies focusing on innovative technology placement and network of smart water grids in Fiji islands, Nepal and the Philippines. Then, based on the case study results, this study develops an alternative grid development pattern scenario model. The model shows ecology-water-energy-climate change nexus which allows for simulating and predicting the effects of smart water grid on the urban ecosystem and net carbon emissions.